「相變」是指物理狀態的轉換 — 從固相轉變為液相的過程,反之亦然1。為了給宇航員提供熱保護,相變材料(PCM)微膠囊進入紡織結構技術是在20世紀80年代早期根據NASA一項研究計畫開發的2。使用PCM,智能纖維和紡織品可以具有自動適應特性,例如熱能儲存和冷卻過程的能量釋放3

此外,PCM還被應用於運動4、個人防護5和家用紡織品6的熱保護7和調節,如下圖所示。

  1. Mondal, S., Phase change materials for smart textiles – An overview. Applied Thermal Engineering, 2008. 28(11–12): p. 1536-1550
  2. Nelson, G., Microencapsulation in textile finishing. Review of Progress in Coloration & Related Topics, 2008. 31(1): p. 57-64.
  3. Weder M., Scale of change, Textile Month, 2001. October: 37–38.
  4. http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/photo/2015-01/02/c_133892902.htm [14-06-2018]
  5. http://www.everychina.com/p-z52ed6f7-102417978-fire-department-nomex-fr-firefighter-uniform-flame-retardant-coveralls-with-nomex-iiia.html [14-06-2018]
  6. http://www.outlast.com/en/applications/ [14-06-2018]
  7. Zhu, F., Feng, Q., Liu, R., Yu, B., & Zhou, Y. (2015). Enhancing the thermal protective performance of firefighters’ protective fabrics by incorporating phase change materials. Fibers and Textiles in Eastern Europe, 23(2), 68-73.